One of Portugal’s most exciting wineries is close to Lisbon, and I highly recommend a private tour. Villa Oeiras is the only winery now producing Carcavelos, a fortified wine, which, like port and Madeira, has its own Denominação de Origem Controlada classification. President Thomas Jefferson referred favorably to “Calcavallo” in his letters, and it dates back at least as far as the first Marquess of Pombal, famous for reconstructing Lisbon after the 1755 earthquake. His estate forms the core of Villa Oeiras today.